Beryllium is a steel-gray metal that is quite brittle at room temperature, and its chemical properties somewhat resemble those of aluminum. It does not occur free in nature. Beryllium is found in beryl and emerald, minerals that were known to the ancient Egyptians. Although it had long been suspected that the two minerals were similar, …

PURPOSE. This Guideline provides the clinical diagnostic criteria for beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease (CBD; old term = berylliosis), based on the latest available medical literature and consultation with leading experts in the field. This Guideline does not address exposure prevention, workplace safety, or treatment.

An 8-h occupational guideline for limiting exposure to beryllium to 2 µg/m 3 has been in place since 1949. That guideline was successful in …

Beryllium is a lightweight but extremely strong metal used in the aerospace, electronics, energy, telecommunications, medical, and defense industries. Beryllium-copper alloys are widely used because of their electrical and thermal conductivity, hardness, and good corrosion resistance. ... Employers must use engineering and work practice ...

An 8-h occupational guideline for limiting exposure to beryllium to 2 µg/m 3 has been in place since 1949. That guideline was successful in practically eliminating acute beryllium disease, but the risk of CBD persists. ... The primary health effects of interest in connection with beryllium are beryllium sensitization (BeS), CBD, and lung ...

Primary and Secondary Germanium & Gallium, Primary Rare Earth Metals, Secondary Indium. Nonferrous Metals Manufacturing Effluent Guidelines - Final Rule (pdf) (2.4 , August 3, 1990, 55 FR 31692) Development Document for Nonferrous Metals Manufacturing Category; Vol. 1: General (pdf) (23.9 , May 1989, 440/1-89/019.1) …

The rule reduces the PEL for beryllium to 0.2 micrograms per cubic meter of air (μg/ m3) averaged over 8 hours, and establishes a short-term exposure limit (STEL) for beryllium of 2.0 μg/m3 over a 15-minute sampling period. Employers must use engineering and work practice controls to prevent excessive beryllium from becoming airborne where ...

The current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines reduce the permissible exposure limit for beryllium …

Purpose: Beryllium is known to have adverse health effects and is classified as carcinogenic to humans. However, data on systemic beryllium exposure in humans are rare and especially human toxicokinetics are largely uncharted. As such, the first reported multi-annual course of blood and urine concentrations after a high exposure scenario …

From the 1940s through the 1960s, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was the primary user of beryllium in the U.S. economy. In 1949, AEC's occupational hygienists recommended an air standard of 2 µg/m 3 as an 8-h time-weighted average and a 30-min peak standard of 25 µg/m 3 (Eisenbud 1982). Before the widespread application of the …

effects of beryllium in humans and mammalian species. This information is used to calculate soil quality guidelines for beryllium to protect human receptors in four types of land uses: agricultural, residential/parkland, commercial, and industrial. The human health soil quality guidelines for beryllium for each of the four land uses are: 75

The overall prevalence of beryllium sensitization and CBD for workers in these three copper-beryllium alloy distribution centers is lower than for workers in primary beryllium production facilities. CBD resulting from exposure to low-beryllium content copper demonstrated restrictive lung and low diffusion capacities, and a biopsy specimen ...

Exposure Evaluation and Controls. Exposure to beryllium via inhalation of airborne beryllium or dermal contact with beryllium-containing dust, fume, mist or solutions can cause health effects. The following resources provide information on exposure limits and analytical methods used to evaluate workers' beryllium exposure.

§ 421.150 Applicability: Description of the primary beryllium subcategory. § 421.151 Specialized definitions. § 421.152 Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available.

Other agencies have taken action in re-evaluating their occupational exposure guidelines for beryllium. ... The primary health concerns related to beryllium—sensitization, CBD, and lung cancer—make up the bulk of the literature. A much smaller database was found on other toxicity end points, such as reproductive and developmental effects. ...

Symptoms of acute beryllium disease include irritation of the lungs, nose, and throat, as well as trouble breathing and tiredness. People with chronic beryllium disease develop lesions (masses) in the lungs that can lead to scarring. They may experience chest pain, cough, and/or shortness of breath. Skin contact with beryllium may cause an ...

Beryllium is a respiratory hazard, and possibly a carcinogen. It can be present in non-water soluble form (for example, metal or oxides), or in soluble forms (for example fluorides). Soluble forms are susceptible to absorption through skin. Regardless of its chemical form, when it is present in the form of dust, it can be inhaled causing ...

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Workplace air standards and guidelines for external exposure have been established by OSHA and ACGIH, respectively; and drinking water and environmental standards have …

National primary drinking water regulations EPA 2009 MCL 0.004 mg/L MCLG 0.004 mg/L RfD: beryllium and compounds 2x10-3. mg/kg/day IRIS 2002 ... Regulations and Guidelines Applicable to Beryllium Agency Description Information Reference Beryllium oxide PAC-1f 0.0063 mg/m3 PAC-2f 0.069 mg/m3

Air. The OSHA regulation for beryllium and its compounds is an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 2 micrograms (as beryllium) per cubic meter of air (2 µg/m 3).. An employee should not be exposed to a concentration of beryllium and beryllium compounds exceeding 5 µg/m 3.. The 30-minute maximum peak level is 25 µg/m 3.. …

The general population is exposed to normally low levels of beryllium in air, food, and water in the course of their daily lives. People working or living near beryllium industries have …

Beryllium is a naturally occurring element that is extracted from ores and processed into metal, oxides, alloys, and composite materials. Industrial use of beryllium, such as machining metal parts, can lead to BeS and CBD (1). The major applications of beryllium are in automotive electronics, telecommunications, computers, aerospace,

Beryllium is a lightweight metal that is found naturally in rocks, coal, soil, and volcanic dust. Because it is lightweight and strong, beryllium has many uses in the electronics, aerospace, and defense industries. It is also used in energy applications and in the medical and dental fields. Beryllium is mined in the United States.

NSDWRs (or secondary standards) are non-enforceable guidelines regulating contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or color) in drinking water. ... but do not exceed the primary standard of 4.0 mg/L for fluoride, must provide public notice to …

Beryllium & beryllium compounds (as Be) Beryllium metal. Metal: A hard, brittle, gray-white solid. Metal: Noncombustible Solid in bulk form, but a slight explosion hazard in the form of a powder or dust. Acids, caustics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidizers, molten lithium. Berylliosis (chronic exposure): anorexia, weight loss, lassitude ...

Beryllium usually affects the respiratory system, although it can affect other parts of the body as well. Listed below are different types of illnesses or health effects associated with beryllium. The body develops hypersensitivity to beryllium. No symptoms, but the body identifies beryllium as foreign.

54 rowsBeryllium: 0.004: 0.004: Intestinal lesions. Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and …

Collapse to view only § 421.153 - Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable. § 421.150 - Applicability: Description of the primary beryllium subcategory. § 421.151 - Specialized definitions.

Your lungs respond to beryllium by developing collections of cells known as granulomas, which may eventually cause scarring. This scarring reduces your lungs' ability to function. As the inflammation response continues, over time, symptoms may eventually appear, including: Difficulty breathing/ shortness of breath.

The United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the permissible exposure limit of beryllium to 0.2 micrograms per cubic meter of air, …

PDF Version [221 KB] What is beryllium? Beryllium is a lightweight metal that is found naturally in rocks, coal, soil, and volcanic dust. Because it is lightweight and strong, …

Beryllium is a lightweight but extremely strong metal used in the aerospace, electronics, energy, telecommunications, medical, and defense industries. Beryllium-copper alloys are widely used because of their electrical and thermal conductivity, hardness, and good corrosion resistance. ... Employers must use engineering and work practice ...

This standard means this beryllium standard, Section 5205. (c) Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs). (1) Time-weighted average (TWA) PEL. The employer must ensure that no employee is exposed to an airborne concentration of beryllium in excess of 0.2 μg/m 3 calculated as an 8-hour TWA. (2) Short-term exposure limit (STEL).

BERYLLIUM 11 . CHAPTER 2. HEALTH EFFECTS . 2.1 INTRODUCTION The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of beryllium. ... However, the Agency has established guidelines and policies that are …

DOE G 440.1-7A, Implementation Guide for use with 10 CFR 850, Chronic Beryllium Disease Prevention Program; Safety and Health Regulatory and Policy Response Line; Beryllium-Associated Worker Registry - The goal of the registry is to determine the incidence and prevalence of beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease …

Biomonitoring studies on levels of beryllium provide physicians and public health officials with reference values so that they can determine whether people have been exposed to higher levels of beryllium than are found in the general population. Biomonitoring data can also help scientists plan and conduct research on exposure and health effects.