The insecticides used in the present investigations were obtained from their respective manufacturers: imidacloprid (Confidor ® 62 17.80 SL %, Bayer Crop Science Limited, Mumbai), acetamiprid (Baadshah ® 20 % SP, Hindustan Pulverising Mills, Jammu), thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, pymetrozine (Actara ® WG 25 %, Karate ®.