A controlled two-stage roasting and water leaching process was used to extract valuable metals from Chinese copper-nickel sulfide concentrate. Using an ammonium …

2.4. Reduction process and magnetic separation. The reduction of the prepared nickel laterite ore (PM or IM) with a combined mass of 1 kg was performed in a stirred fluidised-bed reactor, which is a laboratory constructed, cylindrical heat-resistant stainless steel reactor.In a typical reduction process, the effect of different parameters …

open access. Highlights. •. Effect of sulphate was investigated on copper-molybdenum and copper-zinc ores. •. Sulphate ions depress molybdenite recovery and …

(1) Crushed α-spodumene is calcined at 950 ∼ 1100 °C and transformed into β- spodumene; (2) Roasting with sulfuric acid at 250 ∼ 300 °C; (3) Water leaching and removal of impurities such as Fe, Al, Ca, Mg (4) Concentration of lithium sulfate solution by forced evaporation;(5) Adding the corresponding amount of sodium hydroxide and ...

Sodium sulfate crystallization can be induced in a separate crystallizer outside of the membrane unit by addition of crystal seeds. NF270 is a suitable membrane for this application and is ...

There are also some compounds containing sulfur that used as an additive, such as pyrite (Fe 2 S) [22], sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) [13,14,[23][24] [25], sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) [14], and calcium ...

In Part I, reduction/sulfidation behaviors of a saprolitic laterite ore in the presence of sodium sulfate were investigated, with an emphasis on thermodynamic …

Pressure oxidation of chalcocite/pyrite ore or bulk concentrate in an iron-sulfate-rich electrolyte: PLATSOL ® process: P: 220–230: 30–40: 15: Total pressure oxidation in the presence of 10–20 g/l NaCl. Precious metals leached at the same time as base metalsOxiana Sepon: P and soon C: 80: copper: Atm: 100: Atmospheric ferric leach …

In 2030, the lithium-ion battery industry is projected to produce nearly 8 million tonnes of sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4) waste, growing to almost 30 million tonnes by 2050 (A.Z.H., personal ...

The mechanism of sodium sulfate revealing that sodium sulfate plays a prominent role in the sulfation roasting of complicated polymetallic sulfide ores. Experiments Sulfation...

Substituting cheap sodium sulfate for potassium sulfate, and calcining with calcium sulfate and lepidolite (0.15:0.45:1) at 900°C, the lithium recovery rate can also reach more than 90% (Vieceli N et al., 2016), but the leaching rate of lepidolite was 84% when calcining only with calcium sulfate at 1050°C (Siame E and Pascoe RD, 2011).

Various kinds of surfactant and polymers such as sodium hexametaphosphate, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), Sapindus laurifolia, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have been developed by …

The selective reduction of nickel and adequate growth of ferronickel grains are imperative for efficient preparation of ferronickel from nickeliferous laterite ore via the process of direct reduction followed by magnetic separation. In Part I, reduction/sulfidation behaviors of a saprolitic laterite ore in the presence of sodium sulfate were investigated, with an …

The laterite ore was crushed and ground to 80 wt.% passing 0.074 mm.The ground laterite sample was thoroughly mixed with sodium sulfate (the amount of sodium sulfate addition varied from 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%) for preparing non-coal-burdened pellets with diameter of 12–16 mm. Lignite was crushed and screened to a size range of 0.5–2.0 mm …

Production of nickel from laterites typically requires a pre-concentration step which breaks down the mineral crystalline structure, thereby facilitating the subsequent extraction of the valuable metals. This work discusses the thermochemical analysis of the alkali roasting of an Indonesian saprolite ore using Na 2 CO 3, Na 2 SO 4, and NaOH ...

@article{VazquezRojas2018SimulationOA, title={Simulation of a triple effect evaporator of a solution of caustic soda, sodium chloride, and sodium sulfate using Aspen Plus}, author={Raul A. Vazquez-Rojas and …

Using an ammonium sulfate to ore weight ratio of 3.5, first roasting temperature at 500 °C for 2 h, dosage of sodium sulfate of 4 g (per 10 g ore), followed by second roasting at 680 °C for 2 h, then water leaching at 95 °C for 2 h, nearly all of the Ni and Co, and 99.9% of the Cu and 1.1% of the Fe were extracted.

sodium sulfate, and when it was added in a volume ratio of 0.4, lithium was not lost. Using a solution ... The amount of lithium in saltwater is about twice as large as that in ore, and many studies have been conducted on recovering lithium from brine [6–10]. ... methods of concentrating target components using ED. HVRC is a method of ...

The recovery of nickel from solution, following leaching of either type of nickel ore, can be achieved by hydrogen reduction, as discussed above, or by electrolysis. Outokumpu uses the latter technology in Finland. Nickel is deposited from nickel sulfate solutions (~60 grams/liter nickel) containing sodium sulfate and boric acid to improve the ...

Sodium sulfate has proven to be an effective additive for enhancing the reduction and metal aggregation during the carbothermic reduction of Ni laterite ore. In this study, the effect of Na 2 SO 4 on the non-isothermal reduction kinetics of Ni laterite ore with solid C was investigated. The kinetic parameters and mechanism function were …

a) The ore of aluminium, bauxite, is concentrated by this method. The bauxite ore is contaminated with impurities of silica (SiO 2), iron oxides (Fe 2 O 3), titanium oxide (TiO 2), etc. b) Concentration is …

The results showed that the sodium sulfate was superior, resulting in the highest nickel grade in concentrate, i.e., 15.06%. The sulfidation mechanism, which …

The lithium sulfate causticization method to prepare lithium hydroxide has the advantages of a simple and mature process, while the shortcoming of this method is also obvious such as high energy consumption and low lithium yield (Wang et al., 2021).The most serious step of lithium loss is the freezing process, the reaction equation is as …

Highlights. •. Lime plays a critical role in flotation by controlling pulp chemistry and collector adsorption. •. Lime is the most economical and commonly used reagent for pH control in flotation. •. Ca 2+ ions in lime can enhance depression of minerals and flotation selectivity in a variety of ores. •.

Sodium Sulfate | Na2SO4 or Na2O4S | CID 24436 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological ...

The invention relates to a mining method of sodium sulphate ore. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, selecting ore body; secondly, excavating a brine ditch: a plurality of brine ditches are excavated on the ore body, and the distance between each two ditches is 8 meters; thirdly, buffering and dissolving brine; fourthly, adjusting and …

VMS ore-forming fluids are acidic, reduced, 1–3 M chloride solutions in which metals were transported mainly as chloride complexes (Table 3).Before the discovery of black smokers, temperatures of the ore fluids were estimated from rare fluid inclusion data and sulfur isotope fractionation between sulfide mineral pairs. pH values about 1 unit less than …

During in situ leaching of ionic rare earth ore, the pore structure of the orebody changes due to the chemical replacement reaction between the leaching agent and the rare earth ore. To explore the influence of leaching agents on the pore structure of ionic rare earth ore during the leaching process, magnesium sulfate solutions with different …

ore, such as sulfide [31], sodium sulfate [32], ferric sulfate [33], and ammonium sulfate [34]. As a potentially more economic and green metallurgical process, ammonium …

The precipitated sodium sulfate is recovered using another rotary vacuum filter (P-28), and the cake is dried using a second rotary drier (P- 29) . Th is dried material is sold as a co-product.

In this work, the selective reduction of lateritic nickel ore was carried out using sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and sodium chloride as additives. The 5 wt% of anthracite coal, which contains 60.35% of xed carbon and 1.9% of sulfur, was used as a reductant. All raw materials were mixed homogenously prior to the pelletization process into ...

Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully. The Sodium Sulfate dose your doctor recommends will be based on the following (use any or all that apply): the condition being treated. other medical conditions you have. other medications you are taking. how you respond to this medication. your weight.

The success of the sulfation-roasting-leaching process depends on iron behavior. Due to its higher amount, it is sulfated before nickel. However, the stability of iron sulfates is lower than the nickel sulfate and during the decomposition of iron sulfate, the sulfur trioxide (SO 3) is liberated and reacts with nickel to form nickel sulfate.This …

In order to optimize the process of sulfating roasting, Thornhill et al. used sodium sulfate as roasting agent to improve the leaching rate of nickel. The reason is that sodium …