Abstract. Steel slag is the main waste product in the steelmaking process. Because of its chemical composition and technical properties, it can be reused as raw material in steel plants and can ...

The Linz–Donawitz (LD) slag is an industrial waste generated in Linz–Donawitz process of steel making. It is not gaining importance in construction industry because of its volume instability, and presence of excessive phosphorous and sulphur content. Suitable accelerated ageing and masking of harmful materials can improve the …

Approximately 2.0–3.0 t of copper slag (CS) containing 35%–45% iron is generated for every ton of copper produced during the pyrometallurgical process from copper concentrate. Therefore, the recovery of iron from CS utilizes a valuable metal and alleviates the environmental stress caused by stockpile. In this paper, a new method has …

A pyro-hydrometallurgical process for the treatment of copper slag has been developed to accomplish recovery of nickel, cobalt, and copper and reuse of iron source. It was proved that the slag phase was reconstructed by sulfation-sulfate decomposition roasting followed by water leaching, over 95% iron existing as hematite …

To reduce the production of steel slag and increase the resource utilization process of steel slag, the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ISIJ) has been researching new ways of steel slag recycling to increase the utilization rate of steel slag or developing …

With high-quality iron ore grades with an iron content of 64 to 67 %, a blast furnace typically produces about 0.25 to 0.30 t of slag per t of pig iron. In the case of inferior grade ores below 60 %, the amount of slag is typically 0.35 to 0.50 slag/t of pig iron [1].

Iron and steel slags are coproducts of iron and steel manufacturing. In the production of iron, the blast furnace is charged with iron ore, fluxing agents, usually limestone and dolomite, and coke as fuel and the reducing agent. The iron ore is a mixture of iron oxides, silica, and alumina. From this and the added fluxing agents molten slag and ...

Efficient utilization of iron and steel slag is one of the important measures to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry. Improving the recycling rate of iron and steel slag has become an urgent problem to be solved by scholars and enterprises at home and abroad. Therefore, it is of great significance to …

The process of "re-resourcing of converter slag" was put forward based on the analysis of the existing steel slag treatment process. The converter slag obtained from Jinan steel plant was studied. After grinding, the slag contained 3. 3% of iron particles, 54. 84% of magnetic part (wTFe = 20%), and 41. 84% of non-magnetic part, which could be …

This study addresses the issue of eliminating Congo red dye from aqueous solutions through green pyrolysis of hybrid iron oxides/graphene-coated iron slag. A novel adsorbent was developed, utilizing cost-effective date fruit-derived graphite and iron slag byproducts. The resulting macroporous structures resemble two-dimensional graphene …

The iron and steel slag is generated in huge quantity in iron and steel making process. Iron slag is generated upon treating the iron ores with flux containing limestone to produce pig iron (called iron-making). ... Proceedings of Sardinia 10th international waste management and landfill symposium, Environmental Sanitary Engineering Centre ...

BOS slag is formed by a chemical process involving the oxidation of elements (e.g., Si, Mn, Fe, P) from the metal bath and the dissolution of added solids such as lime, limestone, dolomite, other …

Steel slag is a byproduct from either the conversion of iron to steel in a basic oxygen furnace, or the melting of scrap to make steel in an electric arc furnace. …

At this stage, the amount of iron slag being processed is 15 g, and the oven's power is 500 W. The energy consumption during the 10 min drying process is 8.30 × 10 –2 kWh. With ultrasonic pretreatment, each 15 g of iron slag's drying process can save approximately 8.26 × 10 –2 kWh. Scaling up this model, drying one ton of iron slag ...

The smelting process can be divided into three stages, namely decomposition of high-valence sulphide, oxidation of sulphide, and matte smelting and slagging reaction (Fig. 1).The efficiency of matte smelting and matte-slag separation, as well as the extent of copper losses to slag are mainly affected by the oxidation/reduction …

The steel industry generates a significant amount of waste in the form of solid, liquid, and gas pollutants. The research aims to develop a suitable process that can convert these wastes into useful resources. The study focusses on utilizing the waste generated by the sinter plant, blast furnace and steel melting shop, which are the three …

Then, a combined granulation process mode combining dry and wet processes is proposed to improve the processing efficiency of molten slag. The increase in resource conversion rate and the quality ...

from iron making (termed as BF slag), steel making (termed as BOF slag) and refining process (termed as LF slag). Typical BF slag production is 300-400 kg per tonne of …

Simultaneously, molten iron and slag are produced. The lighter slag floats on the iron and is tapped separately. Slag pots collect and cool the molten slag, while …

Slag/AC PRB was applied in biosurfactant enhanced electrokinetic system to capture PFOA. After two weeks treatment time, PFOA removal rate of 79% was achieved. The PFOA removal rate increased to 94% after three weeks of EK process. 87.1% of PFOA was adsorbed on the iron slag at the end of 3 weeks of EK process.

Various methods are currently employed for the management of copper slag, including metal recovery, production of value-added products and building materials. ... also known as nickel-iron slag or stainless-steel slag, is a secondary product produced during the smelting of nickel-iron alloy, which is primarily used in the production of ...

Zhengyi Ren Dongsheng Li. Engineering, Materials Science. Materials. 2023. Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the…. Expand.

Melting reduction modification is a process in which the iron-containing modified slag and the iron oxides of the steel slag are reduced into metallic iron. The reduction order of iron oxide is from high to low price, followed by Fe 2 O 3 —Fe 3 O 4 —FeO—Fe. The raw materials of the melting reduction process derive from type slags …

Sept. 6, 2021. Oxidation is a natural effect, but eliminating the process of slag formation is simple, and the results can be significant for material quality and foundry productivity. Ron Beyerstedt. Regardless of the iron melting technique — EF or cupola — slag will form during the process. Slag consists of oxides that form during the ...

Reducing Slag and Dross in Ductile Iron Castings. Nov. 1, 2016. New metallurgical additive expedites MgO release, making de-slagging practice more effective Avoiding mis-runs, cold laps Addressing magnesium byproducts Improving fluidity. Clockwise from top, left: a tundish ladle before ductile iron production; a tundish ladle …

Steel slag is the main waste product in the steelmaking process. Because of its chemical composition and technical properties, it can be reused as raw material in steel plants and can serve as a substitute for aggregates in civil engineering. In this paper, we reviewed steel slag treatment, recycling, and management in China.

The main chemical components of the V-slag are listed in Table 2.The Fe content was 33.22%, and the sample also contained V 2 O 5, Cr 2 O 3, TiO 2, MnO, and SiO 2, among which the content of Ti was slightly lower than that of V.As shown in Fig. 1 a, the XRD results indicate that spinel-phase (Fe,Mn,Mg) (V,Cr,Ti) 2 O 4, olivine (Me 2 SiO …

The slag occurs as a molten liquid melt and is a complex solution of silicates and oxides that solidifies upon cooling. Virtually all steel is now made in integrated steel plants using a version of the basic oxygen process or in specialty steel plants (mini-mills) using an electric arc furnace process.

The slag generated from iron- and steelmaking industry is characterized with high content of lime, magnesia, silicates, and iron (Table 1). Iron and lime are two essential substances in iron- and steelmaking process as iron is the raw material of iron- and steelmaking and lime is added for slag formation (Kalyoncu 2000).

A detailed review of methods for extracting vanadium from vanadium-bearing steel slag is presented, including the most commonly used roasting and leaching …

The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking slag also known as LD slag, is one of the important industrial byproducts generated in the steelmaking process or pig iron refining process from integrated steel plants. In this process the hot metal is converted to steel by blowing of oxygen in the LD converters [1–4]. The LD slag contains …

IRON AND STEEL SLAG. (Data in million metric tons unless otherwise noted) Domestic Production and Use: Iron and steel (ferrous) slags are formed by the combination of slagging agents and impurities during the production of crude (or pig) iron and crude steel. The slags are tapped separately from the metals, cooled and processed, and primarily ...

The utilization of two kinds of iron slag in the production of pozzolanic cement is introduced. A series was created with a fixed percentage of OPC (30%) and varying amounts of imported granulated blast-furnace slag (IGBFS) and air-cooled slag (ACS) at which imported IGBFS was substituted by ACS with the mass ratios of 10, 20, …

Iron slag is generated upon treating the iron ores with flux containing limestone to produce pig iron (called iron-making). Steel slag is generated upon further …

This report looks into the characteristics of iron/steel slag, slag treatment processes and how it can be utilized in different ways. II. OVERVIEW OF IRON AND STEEL SLAG. 2.1 …