Despite using various combinations of positive and negative electrode materials in the supercapacitor devices, the resulting conductivity, ... If the enthalpy of mixing results to a strong, large negative value, thus, the alloys form intermetallic compounds rather than solid solutions [94, 95]. If the enthalpy of mixing is weakly …

Na alloys as negative electrode materials have yet to be extensively studied. If the evolution of Li-ion and Na-ion batteries follow a sim-ilar path, Na alloys are likely to become a field of growing interest for Na-ion batteries. This paper will seek to answer the question of whether hard car-

However, the realistic microstructure of negative electrode alloys as observed in experiments is polycrystalline with numerous single crystal grains oriented randomly with respect to each other [29]. It is therefore important to relate the single crystal elastic constants obtained from our DFT calculations ( Table 2 ) to the aggregate elastic ...

The electrodes were cut into sheets 1 cm 2 in area, vacuum-dried at 100 °C for 24 h, and weighed. The typical weight load of active material is about 5 mg cm −2. The battery performance of alloy was characterized in CR2032-type coin cell. Metallic lithium was used as the negative electrode.

The ternary alloy electrode material examined in this work was obtained by high energy ball milling of a mixture of Sn, Co and C (graphite). Work originally carried out by Dahn and co-workers [5], [6] and more recently in our laboratory [7], demonstrated that only few selected compositions of this alloy have structural and morphological ...

In general, a Ni-MH cell is composed of a positive electrode Ni(OH) 2, a negative electrode hydrogen storage alloy M and an alkaline electrolyte KOH. Upon charge and discharge, the principle of Ni-MH cell is that the hydrogen from the ionized water transfers between positive and negative electrodes with the hydride formation and …

In order to easily and simply improve the cyclability of the Sn film negative electrode, we selected Co as a matrix metal and tried to prepare the Co–Sn alloy film negative electrode by a pulse electrodeposition method. The surface morphology of the deposit was almost the same as that of the Sn film, although aggregation partially occurred.

The use of Si-alloys as negative electrode materials in Li-ion cells can increase their energy density by as much as 20%, compared to conventional graphite electrodes. However, several technical challenges related with the massive volume expansion associated with Si-alloy lithiation have impeded their implementation. A …

A lithium-ion cell based on a flaked Cu-Sn microcomposite alloy negative electrode and a 5 V LiNixMn2-xO4 positive electrode was assembled. The cell showed an average working voltage at 4.0 V and ...

Ternary La–Mg–Ni hydrogen storage alloys with composition La 1−x Mg x Ni y ( x = 0.2–0.4, y = 3–4) have attracted increasing interest as negative electrode materials in Ni–metal hydride (MH) batteries. The electrochemical discharge capacity for such alloys reaches more than 400 mAh g −1, i.e., 25 % greater than that of the ...

DOI: 10.1002/CHIN.201105211 Corpus ID: 197191501; Rare Earth—Mg—Ni‐Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys as Negative Electrode Materials for Ni/MH Batteries. @article{Liu2011RareEH, title={Rare Earth—Mg—Ni‐Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys as Negative Electrode Materials for Ni/MH Batteries.}, author={Yongfeng Liu and Yanhui …

The volume expansion behavior and volumetric energy densities of metal alloy negative electrodes (A x M) for metal-ion batteries based on A = Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca …

The slope characterizes the polarization resistance of alloy electrodes, which increases from x = 0.00 to x = 0.35 and then reduces when x = 0.47, implying that the most serious electrode polarization of the AB 5+x alloy occurs at high current densities when x = 0.35, in accordance with the change in HRD.

During the exploitation of Ni/MH batteries, novel negative electrode materials have always been the focus. In general, the development of the negative electrode materials for Ni/MH batteries has experienced three generations. The representative for the first generation is rare-earth-based AB 5-type alloys. This alloy …

The charging process at the negative electrode is represente d by the follow ing equati ons in more deta il: H 2 O þ e − ⇄ H ad ; s þ OH − charge tran sfer ðÞ

Alloy Negative Electrodes For Lithium Batteries Formed In-Situ From Oxides. R.A. Huggins. Technical Faculty, Christian-Albrechts-University. D-24143 Kiel, Germany. …

Metals and metal alloys, often composed of carbon group elements like silicon and tin, are attractive candidates to replace or augment graphite as the negative-electrode active material in lithium-ion cells because they offer an up to ∼ 10-fold increase in lithium storage per unit mass of host material or an up to -fold increase in lithium …

DOI: 10.1016/J.JALLCOM.2010.08.157 Corpus ID: 135599431; Rare earth–Mg–Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys as negative electrode materials for Ni/MH batteries @article{Liu2011RareEH, title={Rare earth–Mg–Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys as negative electrode materials for Ni/MH batteries}, author={Yongfeng Liu and Yanhui …

@article{osti_5690842, title = {Behavior of some binary lithium alloys as negative electrodes in organic solvent-based electrolytes}, author = {Wang, J and Raistrick, I D and Huggins, R A}, abstractNote = {In an attempt to overcome problems associated with the reversible lithium electrode in organic solvent-based electrolytes, the electrochemical …

With only a few exceptions, elemental lithium is now generally replaced in the negative electrode of rechargeable consumer batteries by materials with a lower lithium …

Abstract. Fe-Si-Zn alloys prepared by ball milling were investigated as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries. X-ray diffraction and room temperature 57Fe Möss measurements were used to ...

This study employs HEAs as new anode materials for nickel - metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries. The Ti x Zr 2-x CrMnFeNi alloys with different Ti/Zr ratios, having the C14 Laves structure, are used. These alloys are selected because they show room-temperature hydriding/dehydriding capability. The HEAs successfully act as negative …

Even though Mg 2 Sn alloy shows considerably superior character to the other alloys examined in the present study, its electrode potential is still high as the negative electrodes and comparable to the redox potential of the Chevrel compounds. 7 Thus, in the future, to realize the magnesium battery with the use of the TFSA-based …

It is found that HRDs of the alloys first increase and then decline with Ce content increasing, and the maximum HRD is 90.5% for as-cast alloy and 92.6% for as-spun alloy, which are almost equal to the electrochemical kinetics of rare earth-based AB 5-type alloy electrode. Moreover, it is also observed that the as-spun alloy shows a …

Abstract. Si (CO) y (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.43) alloys were synthesized by reactive gas milling silicon in CO 2 at room temperature. Silicon reacts with CO 2 rapidly during milling, incorporating C and O in a 1:1 ratio to form alloys …

Two different types of negative electrode foils with 30-μm thickness were investigated herein: high-purity aluminum foil (99.999% aluminum) and an alloy with 5.5 at% indium.

Si 1-x Ge x alloys present interesting cycling performance as Li-ion anodes, owing to the synergetic effect from silicon's high capacity and germanium's electrical conductivity and Li + diffusion. Various morphologies of Si 1-x Ge x powders were obtained, micron-sized by ball-Milling (BM) and nano-sized by laser pyrolysis (LP) to study the …

1-x Alloys Prepared by Mechanical Milling as Negative Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries Zhijia Du,a,∗ S. N. Ellis,b R. A. Dunlap,a,c,d and M. N. Obrovaca,b,c,∗∗,z aDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada

In this paper, we demonstrate a strategy of achieving high capacity and durability using low-melting point, lithium active, liquid metals (LMs) as LIB negative …

The recent development of new Mg alloys and low-strain compound negative electrodes (such as Li 4 Ti 5 O 12) provides opportunities for the use of more conventional electrolytes. On cycling, the reversible capacity of the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 electrode [136] gradually increases during the initial cycles and reaches a maximum value of 175 mAh g − 1 ...

The use of germanium as an alloying agent for lithium negative electrodes in molten salt cells was studied in a cell of the type. ... The Gibbs free energies of formation for these alloys were determined by integrating the coulometric titration curve to the appropriate lithium composition. EMF temperature dependencies of the four most …

Ni x Si 1-x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, Δx = 0.05) alloys were prepared by ball milling and studied as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Nanocrystalline Si/NiSi 2 phases were formed for x ≤ 0.25. The NiSi phase was observed for samples with higher Ni content. Increasing the Ni content was found to gradually lower the lithiation voltage, while …

The battery performance of Cu-Sn composite alloys, and spinel was first evaluated using a half-cell and characterized in CR2032-type hardware. Metallic lithium was used as a negative electrode. The electrolyte solution was 1 M -ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:2 in volume). Lithium insertion into an alloy electrode …

Si and Si-based alloys have long been considered as negative electrode materials for Li-ion cells and a wide range of alloys and synthesis methods have been published. 1–6 Despite years of academic and industrial effort, their implementation in commercial Li-ion cells remains a challenge. Academic reviews of the various …

ies have shown that the volume occupied by Li atoms in Li-M alloy negative electrodes is essentially independent of M and of lithiation level, and constant at 14.8 A˚3 (8.9 ml/mol). Based on this fact, Obrovac et al. derived a "universal expansion curve" for the design of alloy negative electrodes29 allowing the energy density (U~)tobe

Liquid metal alloys as self-healing negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society . 2011 Aug;158(8):A845-A849. doi: 10.1149/1.3591094 Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine™

Alloy negative electrodes for all these metal ions, with the exception of K, were found to have similar or greater energy density then graphite based negative electrodes used in current lithium ion cells. Furthermore, some of the doubly and triply-charged metal alloys are predicted to have a greater energy density than any lithium …

The first use of lithium alloys as negative electrodes in commercial batteries to operate at ambient temperatures was the employment of Wood's metal alloys in lithium-conducting button type cells by Matsushita in Japan. Development work on the use of these alloys started in 1983 [9], and they became commercially available somewhat later.