Information on the adverse health effects of beryllium has been presented for occupational exposures primarily of chronic duration and discussed in detail in Chapter 2 and summarized in Table 2-5.In short, results from occupational epidemiological studies indicate exposure can result in respiratory diseases (beryllium sensitization and CBD); …

Identify adverse health effects associated with beryllium exposure so that appropriate actions can be taken, including re-evaluating engineering controls or providing medical removal protection benefits. Determine if an employee has been sensitized to beryllium and at risk of developing CBD. Determine the employee's fitness to use respirators.

This volume evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by exposure to selected metals and their compounds. Separate monographs are presented for beryllium and beryllium compounds, cadmium and cadmium compounds, and mercury and inorganic and methylmercury compounds. Because several metallic salts and pigments are used in the …

Table 1 shows standards and regulations for beryllium. The occupational exposure limit of 2.0 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m 3) of air for an 8-hour work shift for beryllium has been used in the workplace since the late 1940s.However, recent research has shown that the 2.0 mg/m 3 standard is not protective (For example, see the ACGIH standards). ). …

This leaflet is for people who work with beryllium and its compounds. It tells you about the possible health effects – short-term and long-term – and explains what you and your employer should do to control the risks. This leaflet tells employees about the possible health hazards of beryllium and its compounds, the preventative measures ...

Machinists usually have higher levels of beryllium exposure and increased risk of developing sensitization and disease. The impact of the physicochemical properties of beryllium, such as form, solubility, and particle size, on the risk of sensitization and disease are less well understood. It is clear from numerous studies that genetic ...

Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure of humans to beryllium has been reported to cause chronic beryllium disease (berylliosis), in which granulomatous lesions (noncancerous) develop in the lung. Human epidemiology studies are limited, but suggest a causal relationship between beryllium exposure and an increased risk of lung cancer.

Chapter 2 reviews exposure factors important for assessing health risks associated with beryllium. It includes a review of the exposure assumptions that underlie existing exposure standards, consideration of exposures in natural and anthropogenic settings, and an examination of how physiochemical characteristics and particle sizes are ...

The major pathway for human exposure is through airborne particles of beryllium metal, alloys, oxides, and ceramics (Kolanz 2001). Beryllium particles are inhaled into the lungs and upper respiratory tract. ... Some individuals exposed to beryllium develop sensitization and are at risk of developing chronic beryllium disease (CBD).

As described by Kreiss et al. (2007), its diverse uses may put a growing number of workers at risk of beryllium exposure. Henneberger et al. (2004) relied on sampling compliance data from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to estimate that 134,000 U.S. workers are potentially exposed to beryllium; however, Kreiss et al ...

In developing its review of the preliminary health effects from beryllium exposure and assessment of risk for the NPRM, OSHA prepared a Start Printed Page 2481 pair of draft documents, entitled "Occupation Exposure to Beryllium: Preliminary Health Effects Evaluation" (OSHA, 2010, Document ID 1271) and "Preliminary Beryllium …

The committee has reviewed the literature describing exposure to beryllium to provide a basis for examining questions relevant to the identification of exposure-response relationships and the development of health-protection standards. Worker-protection standards are the focus of this effort, but an understanding of natural background …

Beryllium exposure and toxicity can cause serious acute and long-term health effects, making its immediate identification and …

Managing Health Effects of Beryllium Exposure - NCBI Bookshelf. Beryllium is a lightweight metal that is used for its exceptional strength and high heat-absorbing capability. Beryllium and its alloys can be found in many important technologies in the defense and aeronautics industries, such as nuclear devices, satellite systems, radar systems ...

Occasional, direct exposure to beryllium through machining and grinding of copper–beryllium (Cu–Be) 2% alloy tools was found to increase the risk of sensitization compared to background ...

Workers sensitized to beryllium are at risk for developing CBD and need continuing medical follow-up. CBD is diagnosed when medical screening identifies a beryllium exposure history and characteristics in the lung that indicate CBD. 5 Other tests may include a low-dose CT scan, which is used for diagnosing lung cancer.

There is controversy on whether occupational exposure to beryllium causes lung cancer. We conducted a systematic review of epidemiologic studies on cancer among workers exposed to beryllium, including a study of seven U.S. production plants which has been recently updated, a study of patients with beryllium disease (largely overlapping with the ...

The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education maintains a comprehensive beryllium exposure studies and testing program for the U.S. Department of Energy that assesses the health effects to workers who have been exposed to airborne beryllium (.PDF, 1.4 ).. Beryllium is used in many industries, including aerospace, defense and nuclear …

Exposure to beryllium can lead to sensitization - an allergic-type response. Not all workers will develop sensitivity to beryllium. In most cases, a worker may be sensitized but there are no health symptoms. A blood test called beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) can measure how blood cells react to beryllium. This test can …

Exposure to fluorides and copper was highly correlated to beryllium exposure, and the results on lung cancer risk paralleled those for beryllium. An indirect adjustment for smoking was performed using the data from a survey of about 10% of workers who were employed in 1968 (this appears to be the same survey used to adjust …

It is well established that beryllium causes sensitization (beryllium sensitization, BeS) and chronic beryllium disease (CBD). This chapter assesses the risk of those conditions posed by occupational exposure …

Exposure to beryllium can also cause something called beryllium sensitization, an immune response that can lead to more serious health problems if the person keeps being exposed. Some people are genetically sensitive to the harmful effects of beryllium. Workers exposed to beryllium are at risk for developing . acute . beryllium disease and ...

While higher-level exposures can increase the risk of developing the disease, even people with very limited exposure to beryllium can become sensitized to beryllium and develop CBD. If you work in a job where you have known beryllium exposure, your employer should offer regular screenings for beryllium sensitization and …

low as possible, since a safe exposure limit for beryllium has not been determined. Monitor airborne beryllium concentrations to document the effectiveness of efforts to reduce . airborne exposures. Inform workers about the risks of beryllium sen-sitization, chronic beryllium disease, and lung cancer, and the proper procedures for …

Lower levels of exposure, however, were reported as posing a risk of sensitization in individuals directly and indirectly exposed to beryllium. 1 Although there have been efforts to protect Be-exposed workers, the current occupational health standards for Be do not provide adequate protection against the development of CBD or sensitization. 2

An increased risk of lung cancer has been observed in workers exposed to beryllium or beryllium compounds. How can exposure be reduced? The U.S. Occupational Safety & Health …

Objective: People exposed to beryllium compounds are at increased risk of developing beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease (CBD). The purpose of this short communication is to present information regarding the potential importance of skin exposure to beryllium, an exposure and alternate immune response pathway to the …

The materials were prepared in a collaborative effort by the Beryllium Health Risk Communication Task Force, a diverse group of DOE and DOE contractor employees and other individuals who share a commitment to consistent, effective messages in dialogs on health risks, and specifically on the risks of occupational exposure to beryllium.

People working or living near beryllium industries have the greatest potential for exposure to beryllium. Lung damage has been observed in people exposed to high levels of beryllium in the air. About 1-15% of all people occupationally-exposed to beryllium in air become sensitive to beryllium and may develop chronic beryllium disease (CBD), an …

The authors emphasized the need for increased management commitment to health and safety, empowerment of employees to maintain a clean workspace, and training videos on methods of exposure risk. In a copper-beryllium alloy processing facility, workers were exposed to beryllium in the greatest concentrations exceeding 0.2 μg/m 3.

Berylliosis, also known as chronic beryllium disease (CBD), is a granulomatous disease caused by exposure to beryllium. CBD has a variable clinical course with cough, fever, night sweats, and fatigue being …

Beryllium | NIOSH | CDC. Beryllium Rule Final. Go to OSHA's web site at https:// to learn about the final rule in place to protect workers from Beryllium exposure. The new rule …

Objectives: Beryllium sensitisation (BeS) and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) are caused by exposure to beryllium with susceptibility affected by at least one well-studied genetic host factor, a glutamic acid residue at position 69 (E69) of the HLA-DPβ chain (DPβE69). However, the nature of the relationship between exposure and carriage of the DPβE69 …

To help determine the steps necessary to protect its workforce from the adverse effects of exposure to beryllium used in military aerospace applications, the U.S. Air Force requested that the National Research …

The effects of occupational exposure to beryllium depend on the concentration of beryllium in the inhaled air and the duration of air exposure. Air levels greater than 100 µg/m3 can result in erythema and edema of the lung mucosa, which produces pneumonitis. ... Maier L. Genetic and exposure risks for chronic beryllium disease. Clin ChestMed ...

the employee at increased risk from further airborne exposure, or any medical conditions related to airborne exposure that require further evaluation or treatment), • Any recommendations on the employee's use of PPE or respirators, • Any limitations on the employee's airborne beryllium exposure, and • Any recommendation for referral to a

Anyone working with or around beryllium metal, ceramics, alloys, or salts is at risk of developing beryllium sensitization or disease from inhaling small particles. Very low …

Chapter 2 reviews exposure factors important for assessing health risks associated with beryllium. It includes a review of the exposure assumptions that underlie existing exposure standards, consideration of …

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Beryllium is a lightweight metal with unique mechanical and thermal properties that make it ideal for use in many applications and industries including defense, aerospace, telecommunications, automotive electronics, and medical specialties. Beryllium is a naturally occurring metal found in several minerals. It is most commonly extracted from ...